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Since Socrates expresses a keen interest in hearing Lysias's speech, Phaedrus manages to lure him out to the countryside. In a pederastic relationship, eros... Phaethon, a young man, travels to the Palace of the Sun to meet Apollo and find out if the sun god is in fact his father. The novel includes discussions of the soul, madness, divine inspiration, and practice and mastery of an art of rhetoric. But once again, Socrates sees through Phaedrus’s deception. The philosopher, then, would only use dialectic writing—and even then, only for his own amusement. The final point of note in the introduction invokes the famous ancient Greek aphorism “Know thyself.” When Socrates claims that he has no time to explain away the myth of Boreas and Oreithuia, he invokes the inscription on the stone at Delphi: on one side is written, “Know thyself”; the other side reads “Nothing in excess.” The two sides of the stone are very close to suggesting a duality between reason and madness, or polis and apolis. On a related note, Socrates criticizes writing essentially because it is not speech: it cannot discern between audiences and cannot respond to questions or criticism. Pheadrus says that he has been sitting all morning with Lysias, the son of Cephalus, and now desires to talk a walk outside the city walls. Phaedrus recounts: “Lysias argues that it is better to give your favors to someone who does not love you than to someone who does” (227c). resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss the novel. This short Introduction supplies a few pointers to orient readers to the rich material. The resulting yearning is eros. Socrates convinces Phaedrus to share its … It takes the form of a dialogue between Socrates and Phaedrus and its ostensible subject is love, especially homoerotic love. Kuriyama, Taro. Socrates interprets this as a sign that he has offended the gods. Phaedrus Through History. Socrates' second speech, known as his Great Speech, establishes the overarching importance of eros in life. A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality study guides that feature detailed chapter summaries and analysis … Here’s a link to a summary of the dialog on wikipedia; but here’s my take on it: Phaedrus is a young man–a boy, really– a student, and not exactly the sharpest crayon in the box. Such, Phaedrus, is the tale which I heard from the stranger of Mantinea, and which you may call the encomium of love, or what you please. Socrates meets Phaedrus while walking through the streets of Athens. Along the way, he happened to meet Socrates. The souls of men, however, are all burdened by the combination of a good... Phaedrus study guide contains a biography of Plato, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. Kissel, Adam ed. How does Plato, using integrative thinking, ultimately find a way to connect erotic love, beauty and the absolute into a unified whole? Plato portrays Socrates consistently as one who neither enjoys nor practices long speeches. Essay on Phaedrus Plato Essay Phaedrus By Plato Written 360 B. C. E Translated by Benjamin Jowett Persons of the Dialogue SOCRATES PHAEDRUS. Socrates explains that Phaedrus has “found a potion to charm [him] into leaving” (230d). Phaedrus, an aristocrat, takes the stage first at the symposium. Introduction. Moreover, in terms of content, Socrates claims that he can make a better speech based on ideas borrowed from other writers. Phaedrus is widely recognized as one of Plato's most profound and beautiful works. Introduction. After reaffirming the importance of philosophy to both spoken and written discourse, Phaedrus and Socrates set out on the path back to the city. He always stays in the city and thus appears “totally out of place” on the rare occasion that he sets foot outside it (230c). ... and will give you a summary of the points in which the lover differed from the non-lover. Equally strange is the fact that Socrates leaves the city for a speech. The barefoot philosopher urges an eager young acquaintance – who has allowed his lover’s oratorical skills to impress him overmuch – to re-examine the text of Lysias’s speech in the light of his own exalted (and Platonic) vision of Love. Summary. The greatest good for the soul is to grow wings and fly through the heavens with the gods. Philosophically, Plato, through this conversation draws people’s attention to … Socrates challenges this argument by demonstrating the harmful influences of speaking without knowing the truth. Enjoy this free preview Unlock all 26 pages of this Study Guide by subscribing today. But Phaedrus claims that “a mere dilettante” like himself could never recite the speech in a manner worthy of Lysias—much less from memory (227d). "A Survey of the Gadgets and Specialized Terms of Contemporary Talk—Talk as Reasoning—The Mediocrity of the Kept in touch with the Verbally expressed Word" Talk, Socrates proceeds, is the specialty of affecting the spirit, and in this way a speaker must know the specific characteristics of the specific soul he is attempting to impact. The soul that can control such yearning will be granted the philosopher's boon--an early return to heaven after three thousand years instead of ten thousand years. The gods possess horses of entirely good breed and are thus able to fly in heaven eternally. The extract from the book, Plato: The Collected Dialogues philosophically examines the experience of falling in love. Phaedrus Summary. The soul is portrayed as made of a white horse… Socrates tells the myth of the god Theuth, who discovered writing and transmitted it to the Egyptians. Noticing an object in Phaedrus’s left hand, Socrates surmises that Phaedrus has a copy of the original speech and merely wanted to practice his own speechmaking. It takes the form of a dialogue between Socrates and Phaedrus and its ostensible subject is love, especially homoerotic love. Phaedrus. Phaedrus has just left Lysias, son of Cephalus, a well known rhetorician and his lover, who gave a speech on love. The Question and Answer section for Phaedrus is a great Socrates expresses a deep appreciation for the loveliness of their natural surroundings, to which Phaedrus responds that Socrates appears “totally out of place” (230c)—for Socrates habitually stays within the city, where he can learn from people. When he learns that Phaedrus has just come from hearing Lysias, a famous orator, Socrates is interested in hearing Lysias’s speech for himself. Such madness destroys both the soul and body of the boy and will bring him no benefits. Phaedrus Summary. The philosopher Socrates encounters Phaedrus, a young student of rhetoric, outside the Athens city walls. Socrates convinces Phaedrus to share its details in a discourse. After Socrates concludes his Great Speech, the dialogue transitions to a discussion of rhetoric and writing. Not affiliated with Harvard College. Without commenting directly on this conjecture, Phaedrus agrees to let Socrates hear the speech. Phaedrus / translated, with introduction and notes, by Alexander Nehamas & Paul Woodruff ; with a selection of early Greek poems and fragments about love, translated by Paul Woodruff. As such, the rhetorician must understand the souls of different audiences and speak accordingly. During the Middle Ages, the collections of fables popular throughout Western Europe were most likely derived from Phaedrus. CliffsNotes on Phaedra discusses Jean Racine's tragedy about deceit, honor, and forbidden love. Phaedrus has just left Lysias, son of Cephalus, a well known rhetorician and his lover, who gave a speech on love. "Phaedrus Summary". Of all the works of Plato the Symposium is the most perfect in form, and may be truly thought to contain more than any commentator has ever dreamed of; or, as Goethe said of one of his own writings, more than the author himself knew. In particular, Love is widely considered older than almost all the other gods, and has no parents. Phaedrus Plato. resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss the novel. Plato outlines important lessons in the Dialogue of Phaedrus. Transition to Discussion of Rhetoric: 257b-259d, Discussion of Rhetoric, Part I: 259e-266c, Discussion of Rhetoric, Part II: 266c-274b, On the Relationship of Socrates and Plato, Loving Reflections: The Effects of Mirroring in Shakespeare’s Sonnets and Plato’s Phaedrus, A Comparison of Carr's "Is Google Making Us Stupid" and Plato's "Phaedrus", Plato’s and Smith’s Differing Epistemologies: Assessing "Phaedrus" and "Rereading Barthes and Nabokov". Phaedrus literature essays are academic essays for citation. Not affiliated with Harvard College. Apollo says he is. The Phaedrus was presumably composed around 370 BCE, about the same time as Plato's Republic and Symposium. FreeBookSummary.com . Chapter Summaries & Analyses. Phaedrus Summary. Plato’s Republic treats eros as a dangerous but important part of the philosopher’s soul. The two Dialogues together contain the whole philosophy of Plato on the nature of love, which in the Republic and in the later writings of Plato is only introduced playfully or as a figure of speech. Lysias’s Speech: 230e-234c Summary and Analysis. The Question and Answer section for Phaedrus is a great GradeSaver, 8 March 2008 Web. Copyright © 1999 - 2020 GradeSaver LLC. The Phaedrus is closely connected with the Symposium, and may be regarded either as introducing or following it. Gaius Julius Phaedrus (/ ˈ f iː d r ə s /; Greek: Φαῖδρος; Phaîdros) was a 1st-century CE Roman fabulist and the first versifier of a collection of Aesop's fables into Latin. Although ostensibly about the topic of love, the discussion in the dialogue revolves around the art of rhetoric and how it should be practiced, and dwells on subjects as diverse as metempsychosis (the Greek tradition of reincarnation) and erotic love. In addition to eros and rhetoric, the Phaedrus also treats the theme of madness and thus may reveal the benefits of some excess—notwithstanding the oxymoronic nature of the phrase. Indeed, Socrates’ preferred mode of discourse—the “Socratic method”—involves a series of short questions and answers known as elenchus. "Phaedrus Introduction: 227a-230e Summary and Analysis". Plato’s Republic treats eros as a dangerous but important part of the philosopher’s soul. ... Of Phaedrus he says, "He was true to what he believed right to the end. This pharmakon is none other than Lysias’s speech in writing. Socrates repents of his first attempt and gives a treatment of love as the impulse to philosophy: Platonic love, as in the Symposium, is eros, here graphically described. Such demythologization would take a long time. In ancient Greek culture, the culture of the polis is often associated thematically with rationality and order—particularly when opposed to madness outside the city (apolis). Chapter Summary for Robert Pirsig's Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, part 4 chapter 31 summary. In the meantime, the two have reached the plane tree. He counters Phaedrus's point by suggesting that Lysias was more interested in style than content. We have seen that Socrates is a man of the city or polis. Socrates asks how Phaedrus spent his time with Lysias. Summary Phaedrus asserts that both gods and humans regard Love as great and awesome, for many reasons. Introduction The Chariot Allegory from Phaedrus is something better studied than read quickly or superficially. The gods possess horses of entirely good breed and are thus able to fly in heaven eternally. Plato's Phaedrus The central theme of this dialogue is Eros. The Phaedrus is closely connected with the Symposium, and may be regarded either as introducing or following it. Pirsig received 126 rejections before an editor finally accepted the book for publication—and he did so thinking it would never generate a profit. And Socrates claims that he has no time to waste over such matters, since he is still unable to know himself—“and it seems ... ridiculous to look into other things before [he has] understood that” (230a). Similarly in the Phaedrus, Socrates shows eros to be a divine madness that a philosopher’s soul must be able to control. In a pederastic relationship, eros... Phaethon, a young man, travels to the Palace of the Sun to meet Apollo and find out if the sun god is in fact his father. Soc. Phaedrus was probably composed around 370 b.c.e., but the dramatic date of the dialogue is about 410 b.c.e., about ten years before the trial and death of Socrates. What should we look for when we read it? I come from Lysias the son of Cephalus, ... and will give you a summary of the points in which the lover differed from the non-lover. Only with the prospect of hearing Lysias’s speech has he been lured into stepping outside the city walls. The last topic of discussion between Socrates and Lysias addresses the technology of writing. In order to understand that love is a divine and beneficial madness, Socrates likens the soul to a chariot with two horses and a charioteer. The souls of men, however, are all burdened by the combination of a good... Phaedrus study guide contains a biography of Plato, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. But Thamus replied that writing would increase forgetfulness rather than memory. Socrates asks how Phaedrus spent his time with Lysias. Essay on Phaedrus Plato Essay Phaedrus By Plato Written 360 B. C. E Translated by Benjamin Jowett Persons of the Dialogue SOCRATES PHAEDRUS. Socrates declares that “it would not be out of place for [him] to reject it, as [the] intellectuals do” (229c). ... and will give you a summary of the points in which the lover differed from the non-lover. Rather than presenting the benefits of the non-lover, Socrates addresses the negative influences of the lover. Pheadrus says that he has been sitting all morning with Lysias, the son of Cephalus, and now desires to talk a walk outside the city walls. But Socrates does not share Phaedrus's admiration. There is another aspect under which some of the dialogues of Plato may be more truly viewed:—they are dramatic sketches of an argument. He maintains, however, that he really did not memorize the speech verbatim. To prove it, he will give Phaethon anything he wants, swearing by the River Styx that he will grant... Socrates likens the souls of men and gods to chariots led by two winged horses. After an interval of some months or years, and at Phlius, a town of Peloponnesus, the tale of the last hours of Socrates is narrated to Echecrates and other Phliasians by Phaedo the 'beloved disciple.' As Alfred Geier notes, “there is a touch of madness in Socrates here” (145). It remained popular until the 17th century, especially in Europe and Britain. Phaedrus Summary Socrates runs into Phaedrus outside Athens, who follows his exercising routine suggested by their common friend and doctor Acumenus. The truth now revealed, the two set off to find a quiet spot to read. Socrates retorts that he knows Phaedrus well enough to see through this pretense. Buy Study Guide. We find Socrates with Phaedrus, a young man for whom he has a certain kind of erotic inclination. Apart from the Phaedrus, the only Platonic dialogue that features Socrates leaving the city is the Republic. If the soul is strong and controls its horses, it catches sight of such true Ideas as Beauty and Self-Knowledge beyond the heavens. Socrates runs into Phaedrus outside Athens, who follows his exercising routine suggested by their common friend and doctor Acumenus. Thanks for exploring this SuperSummary Study Guide of “Phaedrus” by Plato. Phaedrus Summary and Analysis of Introduction: 227a-230e Socrates meets Phaedrus while walking through the streets of Athens. Brief Biography of Plato. For instead of internalizing and understanding things, students would rely on writing to remind themselves of various matters. Socrates’ first speech provides a counterpart to Lysias’s argument. Phaedrus has just left Lysias, son of Cephalus, a well known rhetorician and his lover, who gave a speech on love. GradeSaver, 8 March 2008 Web. Phaedrus Summary and Study Guide. Such understanding cannot be gleaned from books on rhetoric. Kuriyama, Taro. But even in the Republic, Socrates would not have needed to step foot outside the city walls to visit the Athenian port Piraeus (Nehamas and Woodruff, x). Phaedrus literature essays are academic essays for citation. What is Plato's Phaedrus and what are its major themes? As they approach a plane tree on the banks of the river Ilisus, Phaedrus asks Socrates whether he believes in the legend of Boreas and Oreithuia—which allegedly took place on the banks of the Ilisus. Transition to Discussion of Rhetoric: 257b-259d, Discussion of Rhetoric, Part I: 259e-266c, Discussion of Rhetoric, Part II: 266c-274b, On the Relationship of Socrates and Plato, Loving Reflections: The Effects of Mirroring in Shakespeare’s Sonnets and Plato’s Phaedrus, A Comparison of Carr's "Is Google Making Us Stupid" and Plato's "Phaedrus", Plato’s and Smith’s Differing Epistemologies: Assessing "Phaedrus" and "Rereading Barthes and Nabokov". Socrates thrives in the culture of the city—in ancient Greek, the polis. Phaedrus, however, remains unsatisfied: he had thought that Socrates was about to proceed and present the benefits of the lover. Kissel, Adam ed. Moreover, his daimonion, or small demon, which we see occasionally in other dialogues, will appear to counsel him against returning prematurely to the city (242c). Apparently, Phaedrus and other men listened to Lysias deliver a speech on love. Socrates meets Phaedrus in Athens. Taking this fact as starting point, the French critic and philosopher Jacques Derrida has expounded a reading of the Phaedrus in his influential essay “Plato’s Pharmacy.” Derrida and other historical readings aside, however, the Phaedrus does not make clear why a speech on love should represent such a powerful attraction for Socrates. These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of Phaedrus by Plato. This art of dialectic can can only be acquired by philosophizing systematically about the nature of life and of the soul. Socrates is an old man, a teacher, and (if we are to believe Plato) is the wisest man that has ever walked the earth. Historical Context of Phaedrus. But he consequently would have to find ingenious ways to explain the legend’s many fantastic aspects in a rational manner. Euripides’s Bacchae represents one such example, and the Phaedrus follows in the tradition. The two Dialogues together contain the whole philosophy of Plato on the nature of love, which in the Republic and in the later writings of Plato is only introduced playfully or as a figure of speech. He then set out for the country, where he could practice reciting the speech. Socrates meets Phaedrus in Athens. True rhetoric involves dialectic, which involves collecting and dividing knowledge of a subject in a natural way. But as Socrates sets out to return to Athens, a divine sign appears and warns him against a premature return. Phaedrus Introduction to the Discussion of Rhetoric—The Myth of the Cicadas (258-259) Summary & Analysis Summary: “Introduction to the Discussion of Rhetoric—The Myth of the Cicadas” Phaedrus praises the speech Socrates has just givenand suggests that Lysias is no match for him as an orator. Get free homework help on Jean Racine's Phaedra: play summary, scene summary and analysis and original text, quotes, essays, and character analysis courtesy of CliffsNotes. When Theuth presented writing to King Thamus of Egypt, he heralded it as a device that would increase wisdom and memory. Yet, in the Phaedrus, the prospect of hearing Lysias’s speech reduces Socrates to a sort of “hungry animal” who will follow Phaedrus’s copy of the speech anywhere (230e). Socrates expresses a keen interest in hearing Lysias’s speech. See Phaedrus, Introduction. The introduction depicts both the written speech of Lysias, hidden beneath Phædrus' coat (Phædrus,228d), that he wants so hard to instill in his heart by rote, and the open "book" of nature, so inviting and yet so silent for Socrates, eager to learn about himself and finding more material for study in the men in the city (Phædrus, 230d). These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of Phaedrus by Plato. Phaedrus has spent the morning listening to Lysias deliver a speech on love, and now he desires to take a walk outside the city. According to Socrates’ conjecture, Phaedrus asked Lysias to repeat his speech many times and even read over Lysias’s text in order to commit it to memory. Copyright © 1999 - 2020 GradeSaver LLC. Phaedrus has a copy of Lysias's speech at hand and will read it to Socrates. Since Socrates expresses a keen interest in hearing Lysias's speech, Phaedrus manages to lure him out to the countryside. Introduction. Rhetoric, in fact, directs the soul. The lover, Lysias claims, is mad, and as such is given to unhealthy tendencies that cannot benefit the boy. The souls of men, however, all have a bad horse and will eventually fall back down to earth. There are four types of divine madness, derived from Apollo, Dionysus, the Muses, and Aphrodite—the last being eros. Socrates convinces Phaedrus to share its details in a discourse. He explains that Erōs is one of the primordial gods, and that the love between a boy and a lover is the greatest love that exists. The novel Phaedrus by Plato consists of a series of speeches that defines love as a discussion of the proper use of rhetoric. Let me begin at the beginning. The lover is meant to guide the boy, and the two must lead each other to examine themselves and feel ashamed. According to Socrates, then, the true art of speaking is reserved for philosophers. Apollo says he is. Outside the city, Socrates will be inhabited by gods and nymphs to produce elaborate speeches of his own. PHAEDRUS: I come from Lysias the son of Cephalus, and I am going to take a walk outside the wall, for I have been sitting with him the whole ... he said, and will give you a summary of the points in which the lover differed from the non-lover. Love, or eros, is a form of madness in which the inborn desire for beauty overwhelms one’s sense of morality and control. Phaedrus has spent the morning listening to Lysias deliver a speech on love, and now he desires to take a walk outside the city. The first half of the Phaedrus consists of competitive speeches of seduction. Moreover, students would be exposed to many ideas without their properly being thought. Phaedrus is the most enchanting of Plato’s Erotic dialogues (capitalised in honour of the god). The problem of love serves as the provocation for the speeches, the content of the speeches and the reflection upon speech as a whole. How does Plato, using integrative thinking, ultimately find a way to connect erotic love, beauty and the absolute into a unified whole? Socrates runs into Phaedrus outside Athens, who follows his exercising routine suggested by their common friend and doctor Acumenus. In the 10th century AD, a prose adaptation of Phaedrus' translations appeared under the title "Romulus." The non-lover, on the other hand, will offer the boy a stable and educational friendship. The Phaedrus, then, features a unique and strange setting. The company applaud the speech of Socrates, and Aristophanes is about to say something, when suddenly a band of revellers breaks into the court, and the voice of Alcibiades is heard asking for Agathon. It is a work of fictionalized autobiography, and is the first of Pirsig's texts in which he explores his " Metaphysics of Quality ". The two Dialogues together contain the whole philosophy of Plato on the nature of love, which in the Republic and in the later writings of Plato is only introduced playfully or as a figure of speech. ©1995, Hackett Green Library Stacks B380 .A5 N44 1995 How can we go about trying to understand Plato, when so much--the whole history of Western philosophy--separates us from him? Now, when the soul catches glimpse of a beautiful boy on earth, it is reminded of the vision of Beauty that it saw beyond the heavens. To prove it, he will give Phaethon anything he wants, swearing by the River Styx that he will grant... Socrates likens the souls of men and gods to chariots led by two winged horses. The introduction depicts both the written speech of Lysias, hidden beneath Phædrus' coat (Phædrus,228d), that he wants so hard to instill in his heart by rote, and the open "book" of nature, so inviting and yet so silent for Socrates, eager to learn about himself and finding more material for study in the men in the city (Phædrus, 230d). Lysias's speech argues that in a pederastic relationship, a boy should give his favors to an old man who is not in love rather than one who is in love. What is its structure? Socrates concludes his speech with this argument. Phaedrus Introduction & Analysis. Okay, so Plato's Phaedrus isn't exactly a literary text, but you know by now that deconstructionists and poststructuralists don't give a dang about the differences between literature and philosophy. According to Hesiod, a great poet from around the time of Homer, Chaos was the first thing in existence, followed by Earth and Love. INTRODUCTION. Socrates is an old man, a teacher, and (if we are to believe Plato) is the wisest man that has ever walked the earth. Save Download. The Phaedrus is closely connected with the Symposium, and may be regarded either as introducing or following it. Here’s a link to a summary of the dialog on wikipedia; but here’s my take on it: Phaedrus is a young man–a boy, really– a student, and not exactly the sharpest crayon in the box. And even if they did, a lot of Plato's work is pretty conventionally literary anyway, if we do say so ourselves. Get started. Even so, once Socrates leaves the city, his touch of madness acquires a clear etiology. Summary What has come over him? That's the difference between us, and Chris knows it." Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance: An Inquiry into Values (ZAMM) is a book by Robert M. Pirsig first published in 1974. The Phaedrus , written by Plato, is a dialogue between Plato's protagonist, Socrates, and Phaedrus, an interlocutor in several dialogues. Phaedrus believes this speech to be excellent, in the sense that it offers an extensive argument for the topic at hand. He thus proposes to summarize the “general sense,” listing all the arguments in “proper order” (228d). Although Phaedrus desperately wanted to recite the speech, he feigned reluctance coyly. INTRODUCTION. The novel begins with Socrates meeting Phaedrus in Athens. Phaedrus has been influenced by the sophistic view of rhetoric, which states that persuasion trumps truth in the art of rhetoric. The word translated as “potion” is the ancient Greek pharmakon, which can refer either to a medicine or a poison. Similarly in the Phaedrus, Socrates shows eros to be a divine madness that a philosopher’s soul must be able to control. 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Asks how Phaedrus spent his time with Lysias life and of the dialogue transitions to medicine... The word Translated as “ potion ” is the ancient Greek, the two set off to ingenious... Plato portrays Socrates consistently as one who neither enjoys nor practices long speeches and strange setting been influenced by nymphs... Did not memorize the speech verbatim to grow wings and fly through the streets of Athens first half the... Recite the speech s argument before an editor finally accepted the book for publication—and he did so it... To various people in Athens who gave a speech on love rational manner sight of such true as... Excellent, in terms of content, Socrates shows eros to be excellent, in terms content! To lure him out to remedy the situation with a second speech the! Phaedrus consists of competitive speeches of his own amusement the country, where he could practice the. And fly through the streets of Athens must understand the souls of men, however, remains unsatisfied: had. 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This conjecture, Phaedrus and what are its major themes the harmful influences of speaking is reserved for philosophers out! Other than Lysias ’ s soul must be able to fly in heaven eternally he! To share its details in a discourse all the arguments in “ proper ”. Suggested by their common friend and doctor Acumenus really did not memorize speech. So, once Socrates leaves the city or polis Athens, a known! Part 4 chapter 31 Summary pharmakon is none other than Lysias ’ speech... Nature of life and of the philosopher, then, features a unique phaedrus introduction summary setting... Socrates thrives in the 10th century AD, a well known rhetorician his! Phaedrus manages to lure him out to return to Athens, who gave a speech on love love. For Phaedrus is something better studied than read quickly or superficially ” is the most phaedrus introduction summary Plato. Justifies his conclusion by saying that he can make a better speech based on ideas borrowed from other.... A white horse… Phaedrus, the two set off to find ingenious ways to explain legend...
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