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Many kinds of beans can be grown successfully, including the French bean from the American subtropics, the many varieties of the African cowpea, and yard-long bean. Horticulture is the study of plant cultivation. Practitioners of horticulture are as diverse as the crops that make up the industry and the discipline. Another influence is the varying length of darkness and light throughout the year, so that many plants, such as chrysanthemums, have a strong photoperiodism. Environmental horticulture (i.e., the “green industry”), is composed of careers in greenhouse production, wholesale brokers, commercial nurseries, garden centers, florists and landscape design and construction firms, as well as private and community gardens, municipal parks and state or national reserves. For horticultural purposes altitude is also a factor; the lower slopes of great mountain ranges, such as the Himalayas and the Andes, are included. Horticulture is mainly the crop cultivation. Michigan ranks third in floriculture/greenhouse production, with wholesale crops valued at over $400 million, where, for example, bedding/annual garden plants account for over half of those sales – leading the U.S. A recent report out of Texas A&M University and the University of Florida concluded that the green industry in the U.S. had direct employment of 1.6 million individuals, nearly $14 billion in sales, and direct economic output of $136 billion. Horticulture lighting is the method for stimulating plant growth by artificial lighting fixtures when natural light is lacking. This information is for educational purposes only. Among these are climate, terrain, and other regional variations. In addition, MSU has a very active Student Horticulture Association club that allows YOU to get involved in many aspects of horticulture while having fun. Reference to commercial products or trade names does not imply endorsement by MSU Extension or bias against those not mentioned. The Department of Agriculture census estimated U.S. fresh market vegetable production at 18 million metric tons and a value of nearly $12 billion in 2015. The Department of Horticulture at MSU is dedicated to providing the highest-quality education and is one of the largest horticulture programs in the U.S. As the nation’s first Horticulture Department, we are proud to maintain a tradition of excellence spanning more than 150 years. They include several spinaches, of which Chinese spinach or amaranth is the best; several cabbages; Chinese onions and chives; and several gourds, cucumbers, and, where there is a dry season, watermelons. Horticulture studies both the science behind the garden and the aesthetics which make it appealing to look at. The word is derived from the Latin hortus, “garden,” and colere, “to cultivate.” As a general term, it covers all forms of garden management, but in ordinary use it refers to intensive commercial production. The 4-H Name and Emblem have special protections from Congress, protected by code 18 USC 707. According to the American Society for Horticultural Science, popular careers in horticulture include golf course or garden center managers, zoo horticulturists and floral designers (www.ashs.org). Production of horticultural crops The production cycle of horticultural crops varies. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Horticulture is the science and art of the development, sustainable production, marketing, and use of high-value, intensively cultivated food and ornamental plants. The word is derived from the Latin hortus, “garden,” and colere, “to cultivate.” As a general term, it covers all forms of garden management, but in ordinary use it refers to intensive commercial production. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002 Horticultural workers in nurseries are involved with filling orders and packing plants for shipping. Technically, horticulture is the study of fruits, vegetables and landscape plants used for human consumption, garden decoration and environmental management. The term horticulture literally means the culture of a garden. The Horticulture Innovation Lab focuses on horticultural crops, primarily fruits and vegetables. As the only horticulture program in the Ivy League, our faculty, staff and students work to shape the food systems and landscapes of today and tomorrow. In the uniformly wet tropics, the choice is limited to a few root crops and still fewer greens. A strong and sustained need for horticulture professionals exists. Horticultural therapy techniques are employed to assist participants to learn new skills or regain those that are lost. There is no sharp line of demarcation between the tropics and the subtropics. These specialty crops help sustain and enrich our lives by providing nutritious food, enhancing the beauty of our homes and communities and reducing our carbon footprint. Thus, the temperate zones are very wide and the range of plants that can be grown in them is enormous, probably greater than in either the subtropical or tropical zones. NOW 50% OFF! Particular features such as rose gardens, herbaceous borders, annual borders, woodland gardens, and rock gardens are also those of temperate-zone gardens. The chrysanthemum flowers only in short daylight periods, although artificial lighting in nurseries can produce flowers the year round. Jeffrey W. Dwyer, Director, MSU Extension, East Lansing, MI 48824. Horticulture definition, the cultivation of a garden, orchard, or nursery; the cultivation of flowers, fruits, vegetables, or ornamental plants. For information about and to learn when to use horticultural sand, click on the following article. Word horticulture is a combination of two Latin words hortus (garden) and cultura (cultivation). MSU is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer, committed to achieving excellence through a diverse workforce and inclusive culture that encourages all people to reach their full potential. Pomology deals with fruit and nut crops. Elevation is a determining factor. In the tropics of Asia and parts of Central and South America, the dominant features of the gardens are flowering trees, shrubs, and climbers. Thus, most parts of Europe, North America, and northern Asia are included, though some parts of the United States, such as southern Florida, are considered subtropical. Certain strains of the cosmos plant are so sensitive to light that where the day is always about 12 hours, as near the Equator, they flower when only a few inches high; if grown near the Tropic of Cancer or the Tropic of Capricorn, they attain a height of several feet, if the seeds are sown in the spring, before flowering in the short days of autumn and winter. Michigan produces over 300 commodities, making it the second most agriculturally diverse state in the nation, and exports internationally to Canada, Mexico, Japan, China, South Korea, etc. HT has been defined as the use of plants and plant-based activity for the purpose of human healing and rehabilitation." Each is concerned with growing and marketing plants and with the associated activities of flower arrangement and landscape design. Horticulture careers offer employees the opportunity to work in a variety of industries and environments. Poinsettia is a short-day plant that may be seen in flower in Singapore on any day of the year, while in Trinidad it is a blaze of glory only in late December. ‘In horticulture, kiwifruit vines are trained onto pergola or T-bar support structures.’ Synonyms gardening , floriculture, arboriculture, agriculture, cultivation, cultivation of plants, garden management For example, the scarlet runner bean, a common plant in temperate regions, grows, flowers, and develops pods normally on the high slopes of Mount Meru in Africa near the Equator, but it will not set pods in Hong Kong, a subtropical situation a little south of the Tropic of Cancer but at a low elevation. Horticulture is socially important because it improves how we use plants, for food and other human purposes, as well as repairing the environment and personal aesthetics. Students at MSU learning Plant Identification for the green industry. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Horticulture is the field of study which concentrates on gardening, and the plants and biological systems which make up a garden. Horticulture includes the production and use of plants for food, comfort, and beautification. These successful horticultural operations depend on expertise in areas such as physiology, breeding, molecular biology, pomology, viticulture, and greenhouse management to enhance yield and improve production. HORTICULTURE. ". In the temperate zones are the great coniferous and deciduous forests: pine, spruce, fir, most of the cypresses, the deciduous oaks (but excluding many of the evergreen ones), ash, birch, and linden. Horticultural sand for plants serves one basic purpose, it improves soil drainage. In addition, it is estimated that the global urban horticulture market is worth nearly $300 billion. Issued in furtherance of MSU Extension work, acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. According to Louisiana State University (2011), horticulture is the science and art involved in the cultivation, propagation, processing and marketing of ornamental plants, … Horticulture Definition. A Modern Applied Plant Science! Another factor is the length of day, the number of hours the Sun is above the horizon; some plants flower only if the day is long, but others make their growth during the long days and flower when the day is short. The 2014 U.S. This is critical for healthy plant growth. Similarly, U.S. (non-citrus) fruit and nut production was valued at over $26 billion for approximately 22 million tons in 2014. Herbaceous plants are relatively few, but many kinds of orchids can be grown. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Horticultural therapy (also known as social and therapeutic horticulture or STH) is defined by the American Horticultural Therapy Association (AHTA) as the engagement of a person in gardening and plant-based activities, facilitated by a trained therapist, to achieve specific therapeutic treatment goals. Colombo Plan Botanical Adviser to Government of Nepal, 1961–63. Principal and Director of Research, Imperial College of Tropical Agriculture, Trinidad, 1953–60. Scale, horticulture is the area of agriculture which mainly deals with the of. Between the two coalition for Sustainable agriculture concluded that too few scientists being. Edition with your subscription researchers evaluate carrot and cherry yields, two food specialty crops,..., literally garden culture, is grown for its edible tuber talking about horticulture.. Branch of agriculture involving the science and technology, but many kinds orchids! 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